The health of prisons also represents a component of the public health. The management of the epidemiological situations, regardless of the environment in which they occur, is, in itself, a major public health issue. The prison-specific human micro-societies are constantly subject to the phenomenon of transmitting various airborne diseases. This indoor environment is recognized as being one with high risk of transmission. The conditions that favor the spread are also optimal in this type of environment. The overcrowding, the prison mobility and the poor hygiene conditions make the prison a fertile area and ideal for viruses. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports confirm that the risk of contamination in the prison environment is similar to that in the residential environment. In general, the infection rates in prisons followed those of the population. This virus affects everyone, both detainees and employees of this system. Even in these special conditions, the Romanian prisons did not become sources of infection out of control. The present study will highlight the impact of this virus on the prison environment. According to the latest official reports of the National Administration of Penitentiaries (NAP), the vaccination of the prison population is confirmed in the proportion of 77.4% (currently over 16% of individuals being released). Following this pandemic, the NAP leadership together with the responsible national institutions are launching new norms and procedures with immediate applicability, in general, aiming measures to prevent the spread of the airborne diseases.