On the base of the comparative analysis are examined the main changes in marriage and family sphere in Ukraine and Moldova, that had taken place after 1990. The authors conclude that despite some differences, the observed trends are unidirectional orientation. Reduction of marriage, di- vorce increased, raising the average age at marriage, the spread of cohabi- tation without marriage spouses, etc. are the main characteristics of the “second demographic transition.” In comparison with the economically developed European countries, the specific situation in Ukraine and Mol- dova is that these changes are taking place in the conditions of the socio- economic crisis, according to the low level of social protection of family, causing so many problems in society and family.