The exceptional situations caused by technological and social natural disasters represent a permanent threat to a sustainable development and generate numerous human victims and material losses each year; at the same time, this millennium is characterized by an increasing impact of human activities on Earth.The frequency of the incidence of exceptional situations and their increased magnitude have attracted the attention of the international community in recent years. A number of institutions, intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations worldwide have reviewed their approach to these situations and are working together to identify the best ways to prevent and reduce their impact on society. This means both reducing the vulnerability of communities and improving risk assessment tools. There is also a greater emphasis on disaster prevention, by involving all stakeholders in risk management activities (public authorities, non-governmental organizations, communities, the business sector).