Jewish heritage of Onițcani
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94(=411.16)(478):725.94 (1)
История Молдавии. Республика Молдова (67)
История Северной и Центральной Америки (5922)
SM ISO690:2012
SHIKHOVA, Irina. Jewish heritage of Onițcani. In: Patrimoniul cultural de ieri – implicații în dezvoltarea societății durabile de mâine, Ed. 3, 11-12 februarie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: 2021, Ediția 3, pp. 194-195. ISSN 2558 – 894X.
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Patrimoniul cultural de ieri – implicații în dezvoltarea societății durabile de mâine
Ediția 3, 2021
Conferința "Yesterday’s heritage – implications for the development of tomorrow’s sustainable society"
3, Chişinău, Moldova, 11-12 februarie 2021

Jewish heritage of Onițcani

CZU: 94(=411.16)(478):725.94

Pag. 194-195

Shikhova Irina
 
Institute of Cultural Heritage
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 6 martie 2021


Rezumat

During the field research in 2019, we have discovered fragments of matzevot (headstones) from the demolished Jewish cemetery in the middle of the rural Moldova, in Onițcani village (Criuleni district). The matzevot are dated back to 1730s, the fact that places Onițcani Jewish cemetery among the oldest in Moldova. Onițcani is unjustly forgotten in the Jewish context while we discovered that the Jewish community here existed at least since early 18th century. For centuries the Onițcani Jewish community was a tiny one (according the official censes: about 70 people in 1897, 28 in 1930), but has a great historical value. In 1726 a bloody libel took place: four Jews from Onițcani were accused for kidnapping and murdering a Christian kid – and were justified with an international interference of the European countries, 200 years before Dreifus and Beilis! In 1729 a marketplace in Onițcani is mentioned – apparently the oldest Jewish marketplace known in Moldova. During WW2 it found itself on the crossroads of the most tragic events: Onițcani became a killing place for the Jews from the village and surroundings, and at the same time, a final resting place for many German soldiers, killed here; so, two neighboring mass graves: Jewish and German – are creating of Onițcani a symbol of a historical mutual forgiveness. Right now the open air museum of the Onițcani Jewish heritage is being constructed at the plot in the center of the village; and in parallel we are researching the historical sources discovering bit by bit the exciting history of the Jewish site Onițcani. Preserving the priceless Jewish heritage and memorizing the Jewish history of Onițcani would serve a great job not only for the local history. It would turn Onițcani into attractive touristic site and create a good example for the locals and local authorities all over Moldova.