In this study, will be highlighted ethno-social status of the Gypsies/Roma “Ursari” (bear tamers) from interwar Romania. Based on the analyzed historiographical, archival and serial publications sources will be presented demographic, social, economic aspects of this nomad Gypsies/Roma subgroup from Romania.By despite of assimilation processes spawned during interwar period toward the representatives of the various settled Romanian Roma subgroups, Gypsies/Roma “Ursari”continued to practice nomadic way of life and the traditional entertainment occupation inherited from their ancestors. They remained “lonely friends of the bear’s”in the midst of a Romanian modern society engrossed in the economic advantages of industrialization.However, faced with the consequences of the economic crisis (1929–1933) and the concerted restrictive measures issued by the Romanian authorities (1908–1943), at the end of the interwar period, Gypsies/Roma “Ursari” were forced to renounce the nomadic way of life and practicing traditional entertainment occupation inherited from their ancestors. The Romanian authorities motivated the benefi ts of the restricting measures adopted toward the “walking with the bear” activities, which were practiced by the Gypsies/Roma “Ursari”, through intention to converting them to agricultural work. Starting with the middle of 40s of the 20th century,the magical image totally disappears in the Romanian landscape,when the bear accompanied by his Gypsy/Roma tamer brought a smile to the faces of the peasants, townspeople and their children, through performing various dances and other spectacular representations. However, the Gypsies/Roma “Ursari” have not disappeared; most of them have become “comb makers” (pieptănari) and “blacksmiths” (fi erari), while bears were handed over in zoos.At present, unfortunately, we only remained with the name “Ursari” for a few Romanian localities, insignifi cant interwar fragment of folkloric heritage gathering from a Gypsy/Roma “Ursari” community and a calendarical custom “Ursul” (bear) practiced by the Romanians on Christmas Eve.