The problem and destiny of the two Romanian Principalities during the RussianTurkish War of 1806–1812 was permanently one of the important factors of the international relations regarding the political and military alliances of Russia, Austria, France and other involved states. An important episode of war was the post-war phase: after the 16th (28th) May 1812 – until the final withdrawal of the Russian troops from the Romanian Principalities – at the beginning of October 1812, when the admiral P.V. Chichagov (the Commander-in-Chief of the Moldavian Army, the GeneralGovernor of Moldavia and Walachia and the Commander-in-Chief of the Black Sea Navy), who, in trying to obtain the Sublime Porte ”alliance”, planned new military and diplomatic actions against Napoleonic France (”Project of the Adriatic expedition of the admiral P.V. Chichagov in 1812”). The Russian – Turkish treaty signed at Bucharest, de facto, marks a concession (in an extremely tight international context) on the account of Moldova, when in situation of crisis, provoked by the Eastern Question, the genesis of a new problem, ”Bessarabian Issue” occurs. An original document, found in the Moscow State Library (RGB), is attached - Instruction of Alexander I to Admiral P. V. Ciceagov – 9/21 April 1812.