Due to the thermoplastics production and processing evolution, new and cost-effective formulations of polymer-clay hybrid materials have been developed, using almost all types of polymers (non polar, such as polyolefins; elastomers; ionomers, etc.). The addition of clays to the polymeric formulations yields in nanocomposites with enhanced thermal stability, improved stiffness and strength, higher gas barrier, without losing impact strength or increasing density. Due to their characteristics, polymer–clay hybrid materials are used for transparent oxygen barrier films, in structural applications, for gas barrier waxes, in various industry branches (packaging, automotive, buildings, etc.) For this study, we used a thermoplastic aliphatic copolyamide (coPA) with good adhesion properties at relatively low temperatures, patented by “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry. Use of layered silicates (clays) as reinforcement for designing new polyamide composites is expected to enhanced their properties, which include mechanical, thermal, barrier properties, and flammability as well. The main issue related to these composites is the dispersion of layered silicates in the polymer matrix. In this article, we present a layered silicate from our region, a Romanian native bentonite, and its effect on the properties of nanocomposites was analyzed in comparison with a commercial layered silicate, Montmorillonite K 10. A small amount of clays (5%) was used. Hybrid composites were prepared by melt compounding. The new hybrid materials were characterized by thermal and mechanical analysis. Properties of the polymer-clay nanocomposites were compared to neat copolyamide. Thermogravimetry data indicated a similar thermal behavior for copolyamide and its nanocomposites, while mechanical tests yielded in interesting and promising results: addition of only 5% clay has led to tremendous improvement in the stiffness of the hybrid composites, the elastic modulus of hybrid composites increased, but tensile strength was not significantly modified. Experimental data suggested that the Romanian clay can be successfully used as a component for hybrid materials.