Introduction. Cesarean section (CS) is the most common surgical intervention. Like any surgery the risk of infection is present. Infectious complications represent a socio-economic burden on the health system, prolong the duration of hospitalization, increase the costs of medical assistance. Lately, there is considerable interest in the clinical application of pro-inflammatory biomarkers to predict infection, with particular attention to the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as biomarkers or predictors of infection. NLR has been identified as an additional marker of infection and a potential parameter for predicting bacterial infection. NLR and PLR was significantly higher among postoperative patients in the first 24 hours. NLR and PLR were found to be independently associated with post-cesarean infection control for the duration of surgery. Material and methods. A prospective cohort study was developed within the IMSP SCM No. 1. The following blood variables were analyzed: hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets. Results. NLR and PLR taken shortly after surgery, may be associated with the development of postoperative infections. The application of this test is readily available and easy interpretation can help in its context of early identification of infection. Conclusions. The analysis of research articles and the results presented by their authors allows us to conclude that NLR and PLR, taken shortly after CS can be associated as independent predictive factor for the development of postoperative infections, data supported by meta-analyses and primary studies. Awareness of this readily available tool and interpretation of its results in the correct context can help in timely detection of postoperative infections.