SMEs in their transition to the green economy are facing a number of barriers and constraints in many directions, from both employees and management, as well as from state institutions, suppliers, consumers, other companies and entities, which stops or it only slows this transition. The Republic of Moldova, following the path of the economic development model in the field of export, needs the transformation and modernization of the economy, innovative growth and efficient policies. The green economy has become a symbol of a more sustainable economy and society, which protects the environment for future generations, without allowing any group of people or countries to be isolated. The article studies the priority directions of development and transition to the green and circular economy in the EU and the Republic of Moldova, the regulatory barriers and constraints in the field, as well as the financial instruments for influencing the actors in the economic sector.