Leguminous crops are an important sourse of vegetal protein both for human and animal nutrition. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, pulses which include all types of dried beans and seeds are not only cheap and delicious, but also are a nutritious source of proteins and vital micronutrients extremely beneficent for health, especially in developing countries. The importance of leguminous crops consist in the high content of protein in grains, exceeding two - three times the protein content in cereals. In the grains of pulses is very successful balanced such components as are: protein, starch, sugar, vitamins and chemical elements strictly necessary for the vital activity of the human body. Pulses protein has a high digestibility (about 90%) and does not create uric acids, the retention of which is harmful for the body. Presently, when farmers have a low economic and financial potential, the role of these crops a significantly increasing regarding the crop rotation and solution of economic, agricultural, technical, food and fodder issues. Due to the fact that these crops are more and more demanded both on the local and foreign market over the past years, they became more attractive for farmers as firstly they serve as significant sources of protein in human diet and as animal feed. This study was developed in order to learn the current status of pulses cultivation and production in Moldova. The overall assessment of this sector is crucial important for elaboration of the appropriate strategies for development pulses crops. This study demonstrated the evolution of pulse crops in Republic of Moldova. The methodology used was desk research using data and information from legal sources with public access. During of the studies were analyzed various sources of information, statistics, agriculture research studies. In the Republic of Moldova the areas under leguminous crops ( pea and beans) have decreased in 2016 relatively to 1997 from 51 thousand ha up to 24 thousand ha. The soybean areas had of different fluctuations. In period of 1997-2006 the soybean surfaces were in average consisting 19,5 thousand ha. In the 2007-2016 the soybeans areas were increased and consisting in average 51,4 thousand ha. In the last 8-10 years evolution of the soybean area in the Republic of Moldova marked an obvious increase. For example, in 2006 the area of soybean cultivated was amounted about 56 thousand hectares but in the 2010-2012 the soybean area reached by 59-60 thousand hectares. If the period of 80s-90s of the last century, the share of leguminous crops and perennial grasses in structure of field crops were 8-12%, including 180-220 thousand ha of alfalfa and 80-100 thousand ha of peas. In the last 15-20 years in structure of field crops were a significant changes. The surface of perennial grasses has decreased from 180-200 to 30-35 thousand ha. The surface of peas crop in field crops decreased by 4,3 times. Currently the share of legumionous crops of beans and perennial herbs (alfalfa, and other perennial crops) is 7.7 percent, including bean crop - only 5 percent. The main causes of stagnating development of this agricultural sector are the lack of strategy for growing and processing leguminous crops, underdeveloped state of the livestock sector, lack of fodder enterprises, unstructured financing etc