Sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumanaWallr.) is a parasitic angiosperm, totally devoid of chlorophyll, that infects the roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) plants, causing significant damages to this strategic oilseed crop in Black Sea countries as Turkey, Romania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, including Republic of Moldova. The long-term impact of the broomrapes is even more serious: their seeds may easily spread to other fields, and can persist in soil up to 20 years, leading to an accelerated increase in the infested areas. The aim of this research was to investigate the seed micromorphology of O. cumanapopulations, occurring in different geographical regions of RM, Romania and Ukraine, using the digital holographic microscopy. Successful application of the modern technology allowed to study the broomrape seed micromorphology, like seed sculpturing, that can be the only reliable means to distinguish related taxa and their geographical localization.