Floods are one of the most significant natural hazards in Romania, causing losses of human lives and important damages to buildings and infrastructure. Flash floods in Romania typically occur in the spring - summer period of time. Some of those, which have been recorded recently, were extreme from the precipitation intensity and flood effects points of view. The flood regime in the Prut – Barlad catchments is characterised by short, high-intensity floods in the majority of upland rivers. These upland rivers are often ephemeral – dry during the hot, summer months and wet during the winter months. In lowland rivers, flooding is more prolonged, especially near confluences. Short, high-intensity rainfall coupled with low infiltration on catchments lead to flash flooding in upland areas. Changing landuse patterns during the last 15 – 20 years are increasing the frequency and criticality of flooding throughout the catchments.