Profitable production of protein, the deficiency of which is very acute in the world economy, is an objective of modern biological and agricultural researches. This can be achieved by diversifying the assortment of leguminous crops corresponding to concrete pedo-climatic conditions, such as cowpea (Vigna), chickpeas, lentils, etc. as safe sources of cheap protein, with high productivity, quality, resistance to drought, high temperatures, diseases and pests. Cowpea is an exotic, thermophilic plant used in alimentation, fodder and processing, characterized by valuable agro-biological features, high protein content in grains (23.4%), carbohydrates (52.0%). Technical pods are free of thread and fibrous tissue, are used in fresh and processed alimentation, contain 11.0% of dry substances, 1.9% of proteins, 0.54% of fructose, 0.63% of glucose, 0.24% of sucrose, vitamins and minerals. Grain production is - 7.5 - 8.0 q / ha, technical pods - 142 - 167.1 q / ha. The researches carried out have increased in the creation and introduction of 2 varieties of garden cowpea in the agriculture of Moldova: Dina and Ina. In order to increase the variability, to create new varieties, their hybridization has been done. Cowpea have some negative characters, limiting its more cost-effective cultivation such as: unlimited growth, voluminous stem, unrivaled maturing of the pods, and impossible mechanized harvesting, which needs to be ameliorated. In the process of reciprocal crossfertilization of Dina and Ina varieties, 12-16% of hybrid grains have been linked. The flowering of the plants of Dina variety starts on June 25 - July 3, and the Ina variety on June 30 - July 7 in dependence to the climatic conditions of the year. The flowering of the F1 hybrids started between July 7th and 10th, with violet color of the flowers, which is characteristic to parental varieties. The Ina variety differs significantly from the Dina variety, the higher plant height (231.5 cm), the longer pods (57.0 cm), the black serum skin grains. Under favorable development conditions, the pods of Ina variety can reach a length of 80 cm, and pods of Dina variety - 40, 0 cm, with brown beans. The irrigation of Ina variety reached plants height to 6.0 m, with the morphological and physiological processes of the reproductive organs being completely blocked by the vegetative ones, which must be taken into account in the cultivation technology. F1 hybrid plants were vigorous, with an intermediate character legacy, plant height being 175.3 cm, 4-6 shoots on plant, 16.1 internodes on the main shoot, 16.3 pods per plant, the length of the pod of 28, 6 cm, with 16,0 black beans in the pod. The height and black color of the beans of Ina variety are dominant characters. In the F2 progeny obtained as a result of genetic recombination, genotypes have been identified with determined growth, small with short internodes, early plants, sterile pods, compact shoots at the first and second nodes, white flowers plants, brown beans, with recessive character. In the F3 generation, 13 lines were evaluated, including genotypes with white flowers, which are of particular interest for the creation of determined growth forms. The success in improving of garden cowpea is determined by the high heritability characters we use over the years, such as: the vegetation period (0.65 - 0.8); plant height (0.05 - 0.99); the number of branches per plant (0,35 – 0,91), the length of the pod (0,78 – 0,87) and the hundred seed weight (0,43 – 0,99).