Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. is an annual plant of the family Brassicaceae. Camelina is an oilseed crop with great potential as a biofuel feedstock and high levels of beneficial fatty acids. The camelina VIR collection consists of 315 accessions, 223 accessions of Russian origin, 55 accessions from former Union republics and 37 accessions were received from General Banks of different European countries. Press cake is used in feed production, as it contains more than 45% protein and almost no glucosinolates (0.2 0.3%). Camelina press cake is used in animal feed production and in biological mineral and vitamin supplements production. Characteristics of the camelina oilseed crop were identified. It is shown that the use of Camelina to produce raw materials for biodiesel is considerably cheaper and environmentally friendlier compared to rapeseed. Biodiesel fuel was obtained from the oil of camelina, its physic-chemical characteristics were established. It is shown that synthesized biodiesel meets the requirements for this type of product. Camelina comprehensive study in the conditions of North-West region of Russian Federation showed the vegetation period variation from 72 to 93 days, plant height varies from 75 to 100 cm, the weight of the seeds collected from 1m2 is 150 - 200 g, weight of the seeds from one plant varies from 3, 2 to 4, 2 g. Camelina oil content amounts 37 - 43%, protein 25 - 30%. Fatty acid composition is characterized by palmitic acid content C16:0 (6, 79 – 8, 11%), stearic acid C18:0 (2, 26 – 2, 92 %), oleic acid С18:1 (16, 22 – 19, 64%), linoleic acid 18:2 (24, 31 – 29, 00%), linolenic acid C18:3 (24, 15 - 31, 21%), arachidonic acid C20:0 (1, 32 – 1, 70%), icosenic acid C20:1 (9,85 – 11, 54%), erucic acid C22:1 (1,26 – 1, 68%).