The scientific article aims at presenting the main provisions of the international norm in comparison with the national rules applicable by entities operating in the transactions with financial instruments. The need to develop standards on financial instruments, implicit in financial activities and debts, has arisen against the backdrop of the use of financial instruments in its activity not only of banking institutions but also of entities that try to obey the current economy. The obligation to present financial instruments in the balance sheet of financial assets and liabilities and to impose a detailed description of the information on financial risks, fair value, nature and contractual conditions of financial instruments are the essential contributions of the accounting rules developed in this respect.