Nature of the Republic of Moldova presents a combination of different ecosystems: forests, steppes, meadows and other biogeocenotic communities. Soil use along ages led to the total destruction of steppe vegetation, deforestation and, consequently, biodiversity loss. The correlation between various natural and anthropogenic ecosystems has essentially changed. The research of the interrelationships between abiotic factors, biocenosis and genetic soil units allows calculating the original forest area in prehistoric times. Total country’s forests occupied no more than 20% of the territory.