This article includes the analysis of the activity of institutional investors on the securities market of the Republic of Moldova, particularly transactions performed by the banking and the insurance sectors. The activity of investment funds is not analyzed, as practically there are no transactions performed by these institutions on the capital market. Also, there are stated main problems and barriers faced by institutional investors on the domestic capital market. Keywords: institutional investor, bank sector, insurance sector, stock exchange capitalization, securities market, state securities, primary dealers, joint-stock company, capital concentration.