The formation and current ranges of the snake fauna in the region between the Nistru and the Prut rivers. The paper summarizes the positions of different authors in relation to the origin and history of formation of ophidiofauna in this area. It presents a comparative analysis of the changes in the snake ranges, basing on the data provided in the literature and on long-term observations in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. The patterns of the current distribution of snake species under conditions of agrolandscapes are demonstrated. Some anthropogenic factors that result in the shrinkage and fragmentation of the ranges, isolation and degradation of the local populations are indicated.