Recently, male infertility is increasing. According to statistical data published by the World Health Organization, about 17.5% of the adults suffer from infertility, which means, roughly every sixth person in the world. The oxidative stress, which negatively affects spermatogenesis is one of the causes of infertility. Spermatogenesis is a difficult, highly sensitive process of cell differentiation; different body systems participate in its regulation. Violations of any connection affect the process of spermatogenesis and ultimately affect sperm parameters. The article presents the scientific data on the causes and factors that induce oxidative stress and negatively affect spermatogenesis. The factors favoring its development are numerous, among the most common factors are: inflammation, testicular torsion, increased temperature in the scrotum, varicocele, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, toxins, ionizing radiation, age, sperm freezing.