Preserving and promoting the children’s health is one of the priorities of the head of the preschool education institution, especially during war. These institutions are important for shaping children’s worldviews and habits, including their health promotion. According to Ukraine’s effective legislation, the head of the preschool education institution has to ensure the organization of the educational process, physical and mental development of children; compliance with sanitary and hygienic, fire prevention standards, occupational safety requirements, civil protection, and life safety; control of knowledge of occupational and life safety rules and norms. We looked for and processed scientific literature, legislative bases, and regulatory acts. With our anonymous questionnaire, we analyzed the attitudes of 56 heads of preschool education institutions of Zakarpattia Oblast towards the organization and functions in the health care of preschoolers. The received data showed that all heads agree with the priority to ensure and effectively control the health of children in preschool institutions; 74% believe that the institution’s responsible healthcare professional (nurse or doctor) together with the head should make decisions regarding the improvement of children's health; 86% face difficulties, mainly lack of technical support and personnel, in effectively providing preventive and health-promoting measures amid military operations. 32% would monitor compliance with sanitary and hygienic conditions on their own, 48% would delegate these responsibilities to the relevant healthcare professional, and 20% - divide these responsibilities equally. It is required to study and adapt the existing legislative and scientific base regarding the medical control of heads to modern conditions. The effective strategy would be a comprehensive approach on the part of the head, healthcare professional, parents, and state.