The article presents the gender inequality that has very deep historical roots and is among the most difficult to eliminate. In the legislation related to gender inequality, three phases are distinguished: one of maternity protection (even at the expense of equality), one of equality and one in which differentiated measures are introduced but aimed at restoring equality. These include actions and positive measures to rebalance electoral representation, adopted in various ways in various legal systems. The given aspect was examined from the point of view of their gender aspect in the activity of economic agents in the Republic of Moldova.