At present time becomes relevant the biological plant protection, using the natural regulators of natural numbers of harmful insects and antagonists of plant pathogens. The use of chemicals against pests and pathogens of plants leads to environmental pollution and the creation of the sustainability of these pests in relation to the applied preparation. The use of biological products for plant protection is very promising, especially for improving of the immunity to diseases. The aim of the research was to identify the antifungal activity of the micromycetes isolated from soil of Moldova in relation to diseases of crops. The antifungal activity was determined on representatives of micromycetes isolated from soils of Moldova. In experiments was used 26 strains of micromycetes from genus Penicillium, selected from the 150 soil isolates. Test-cultures were phytopathogenic fungi - fusariosa pathogens, moniliosa, brown rot and burn in fruit, berries, vegetables and grapes. Antimicrobial activity was determined by means of blocks (Egorov, 2004). Antifungal activity of micromycetes of genus Penicillium, isolated from soil of central zone of Moldova, had found that many strains were characterized by weak antifungal activity for M. fructigena, Rh. solani, P. fumigatus, Sc.sclerotiorum. Against Rh. solani - been identified 5 strains. Zone stunted growth of the test-culture ranged from weak to significant 16,0-25,0 mm. Causative agent of white rot - Sc. sclerotiorum antagonists had little or no to micromycetes from soil of Moldova, with the exception of the strain Penicillium sp. 6 of the low delay of growth and Penicillium sp. 2, under the action of metabolites by this phytopathogen zones were 20,0-22,0 mm in diameter. For M. fructigena among strains of the genus Penicillium have found 4 strains, slightly delaying the development of the test fungus. Antagonists secondary activity against pathogens g. Aspergillus and g. Fusarium can be regarded as Penicillium sp. 23, Penicillium sp. 104, Penicillium sp. 52, Penicillium sp. 6, Penicillium sp. 19, Penicillium sp. 70 because they were lack of formation zones of growth of phytopathogens 20,0-25,0 mm in diameter. Particular attention is drawn by the results of the definition of antagonism g. Penicillium to the widespread Moldova phytopathogenic as A. alternata, B. cinerea, T. basicola. 7 strains of g. Penicillium has the ability in varying degrees, inhibit the growth of A. alternata. Areas of stunting ranged from 11.0 mm to 29,0-35,0 mm. It may be noted 2 strain of Penicillium sp.2 and Penicillium sp. 5, which is equally demonstrated its ability to inhibit the growth of this phytopathogene as zone reached 30,0-35,0 mm. 9 strains of g. Penicillium detained with varying degrees of activity growth phytopathogen such as B. cinerea (the diameter of zones - 10.5 - 35.0 mm). Stunted growth T. basicola different levels were 14 strains (the zone from 14.0 to 35.0 mm). For pathogens g. Fusarium found among the studied strains of low, causing the appearance of small areas (12,0-18,0 mm), but were, for example, and strains to which the diameter of zones reached 23,0-25,0 mm. These strains were Penicillium sp. 6, Penicillium sp. 17, Penicillium sp. 19, Penicillium sp. 23, Penicillium sp. 70. Active antagonist against phytopathogenic fungi g. Fusarium was strain Penicillium sp. 104, under the action of metabolites which have F. solani observed a zone of suppression of growth 50,0-60,0 mm, and the F.graminearum (zone 28,0 and 30,0 mm). This strain, to a greater extent in comparison with other known strains of g. Penicillium have high antagonistic ability to influence the growth of M. vulgaris, and, most importantly, in F. solani, which was confirmed by the lack of growth zones 30,0-40,0 mm in diameter and 50,0-60,0 mm, respectively. The results obtained allow to consider micromycetes of g. Penicillium isolated from soils of Moldova, as promising strains-antagonists for phytopathogenic fungi.