Technical-scientific progress has a decisive impact on improving the production process, influences the increase of labor productivity and contributes to the qualitative change of the technical-material base of the countries. The importance of the system of scientific research and technological development lies in the fact that it may contributes to the growth of the GDP and can be an argument for participation in international scientific and technical cooperation between different countries. In recent decades, an upward trend has been observed especially in the systemic development of the fields of science. The advancement of the field related to the development of science and technology, can serve as confirmation. With the development of the world economy, a new economic thinking is required, and research in this field is a mechanism for its development. The research and development sector in the Republic of Moldova faces several problems, the most important of which is the qualitative and quantitative loss of human potential. In addition, for most Moldovan companies the main success factor on the market are low production costs, not innovations. In this context, the government of the Republic of Moldova is actively involved in the development of research and innovation through state policies.