At present the processes of anthropization and degradation of natural ecosystems occur intensely throughout the world. In the last decades a high growth of urban areas and, consequently, an increase in urban population density is registered. Urbanization, in the scale of landscapes, has occurred only during the last 100-200 years. From evolutionary point of view the cities represent new type of biota, with a complex of permanently changing ecological conditions, characterized by high levels of anthropogenic pressure. The city area and the adjacent territories subjected to disturbances are constantly expanding. Among these disturbances there can be mentioned urban expansion, road construction, tourism development which also causes the formation of many recreational areas in forest ecosystems within and around the cities. The mentioned anthropic modifications along with climate change phenomena recorded in the last years all over the world lead to changes in faunal community structure and generate some new strategies of adaptation of animal species to new environmental conditions. The studies have been conducted in 2008-2013 in anthropic forest ecosystems of Chisinau city: forests, forest edge, forest belts, recreational parks. During the study period 5283 trap/nights were processed and 1008 individuals from 13 species were registered. The analysis of small mammal activity showed that the highest trappability index was in shelter belts (24.91%), followed by parks (19.33%), forest edge (18.75) and forest (16.24%). According to relative abundance of the species in communities the most abundant were the Apodemus species: A. sylvaticus with 27.68%, followed by A. flavicollis with 24.6%, A. agrarius with 18.55 and A.uralensis with 5.36%. The bank vole had the abundance of 7.14%, Microtus sp. – 11.8%, Mus spicilegus – 3.17%, M. musculus – 0.59%, registered only near recreational sectors. Among shrews 4 species have been recorded in low proportion Crocidura sp. (0.7%) and Sorex sp. (0.5%), dominant being C. suaveolens. In general, in optimal conditions the sex ratio slightly oscillates around 1:1 value in the majority of the species, with the prevalence of males in spring and increasing of female’s number toward autumn. As to the age structure, at the beginning of spring the rodent populations are formed only by adult individuals, the majority being involved in reproduction process. The work was performed within the fundamental project 15.187.0211F.