The article approaches social protection from the perspective of which groups of this protection falls on. The specialized literature does not contain a multilateral approach to this subject, in fact it generates an increased interest in developing a new vision and cataloging the target groups on which the village policy is applied in the social protection field. At the same time, in order to generate a viable formulation, the article will examine the functions of social protection and address the concept of social risk, as a result, will be proposed a new cataloging of people able to benefit from social protection provided by the Republic of Moldova.