Aspects of interaction between antagonistic bacteria, phytopathogenic fungi and plants
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HELEPCIUC, Florenţa, MITOI, Monica Elena, BREZEANU, Aurelia, CORNEA, Calina Petruta. Aspects of interaction between antagonistic bacteria, phytopathogenic fungi and plants. In: Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective: Simpozionul ştiinţific naţional cu participare internaţională, 24-25 octombrie 2013, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipografia Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, 2013, Ediția III-a, p. 109.
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Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective
Ediția III-a, 2013
Simpozionul "Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective"
Chişinău, Moldova, 24-25 octombrie 2013

Aspects of interaction between antagonistic bacteria, phytopathogenic fungi and plants


Pag. 109-109

Helepciuc Florenţa1, Mitoi Monica Elena1, Brezeanu Aurelia1, Cornea Calina Petruta2
 
1 Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy,
2 University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
 
Disponibil în IBN: 18 martie 2020



Teza

In their natural environment, plants interact with various pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. The balance between plant pathogens on the one hand and plant growth promoters, activators of systemic resistance, or antagonists for plant pathogens on the other hand is crucial for plant’s life. Except for the plant pathogens, these microorganisms are very useful for plant development and health, being involved in controlling pests through natural mechanism called biological control. The current study focused on different aspects of the interaction between some bacterial strains, fungal phytopathogens and plants. In order to understand the mechanisms of these complex interactions, the cellular and biochemical modifications induced by antagonistic bacteria on both fungal phytopathogen and plant were evaluated. The effects of bacterial strains on fungi were observed primarily using dual culture method, for quantification of the inhibitory activity on phytopathogenic fungi. Further, cellular-level modifications, like plasmalemal detachment and cytoplasm vacuolization, were evidenced using transmission electron microscopy. The effects of bacterial treatments on plant antioxidant system and on plant cells were evaluated using biochemical and microscopy techniques. We monitored the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutases, catalases and peroxidases. Another aspect studied was the evidentiation of cellular modifications appeared as a result of plant-microbe interaction. For this study, we have used cucumber plantlets treated with suspensions of Pythium debaryanum Hesse phytopathogen and antagonistic bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis B40, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bw, Bacillus sp.Bw1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa P14). We concluded that at least two of the bacterial strains inhibit significantly the fungal growth of the phytopathogenic species tested and induce cellular-level modifications on fungal cells. Also, the enhanced enzymatic activities and cell-level modifications in plants treated with bacteria indicate the activation of plant defense mechanisms and implicitly a better resistance to potential phytopathogen attack.