Khedivial Mail S.S. Company was a steam ship company that ran ships from Alexandria, Egypt. The exact of its creation is unknown although it was most likely created during the latter half of the 1800s. The company was a successor to the Medjidieh, a steamship company that operated in the Red Sea and the Mediterranean, created by Said Pasha. The company was renamed in 1898 as the Khedivial Mail S.S. Company and it sailed under the British Flag, as part of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. After gaining political independence in 1878, Romania aimed to strengthen its economic presence on the international markets. The new commercial orientation of the country towards Austria-Hungary, through the provisions of the Customs Convention of 1875, had visible results on the overall trade of Romania during the times of the commercial war (1886–1892) against the Dual Monarchy. Profound changes in the structure of the Danubian ports of Brăila and Galaţi were introduced in 1883. The free-port regime was abolished, and the liberal government in Bucharest started the development of the Romanian maritime ports. This paper aims, beyond recreating the commercial milieu of the 1919–1938 periods, to emphasize the rivalry between Romania and Tsarist Russia with regard to the international trade and navigation in the Black Sea area and the atmosphere in Constanta harbour. The company it continued to operate and expand well into the first half of the 1900s, later adopting shipping routes that would bring its ships to the United States. Although traditionally the company sailed its ships to ports in Egypt, the Ottoman Empire, Syria and other ports on the eastern side of the Mediterranean. The company once again changed its name to the Pharonic Mail Line in 1936, and was finally nationalized by the Egyptian government in 1961 into the United Arab Maritime Company.