The stability of the banking sector directly depends on how effective and viable are the business models of credit institutions. Evaluation of business models of commercial banks should be carried out primarily from the point of view of their sustainability as a key characteristic of efficiency and financial stability, that is, a state in which a bank, through the efficient use of disposable resources, can ensure an uninterrupted process of its operations as well as qualitative and quantitative indicators of its activities. Through the business model analysis, the supervisory authority seeks to understand the importance of the different business areas a bank is operating, evaluate the bank’s ability to generate profits and issue an opinion on the institution’s viability and sustainability. The article presents the main aspects on which a supervisor must focus on while analyzing a bank’s business model and profitability. The business model and profitability analysis is a supervisory tool that is used by the supervisory authorities to identify the main vulnerabilities of the bank that have the highest probability of significant/material impact on the bank or determine its failure in the future.