In recent decades, the works on the electrochemical deposition of metals, alloys, and various chemical compounds onto conducting substrates through variously shaped pores in so-called templates of insulating materials have been developed intensively. These processes have received the name “template electrodeposition of metals”.   Porous aluminum oxide films, polymeric track-etched membranes, and porous silicon are often used as the templates. Colloidal crystals comprise another type of templates. Ordered close-packed layers of spherical nano(micro)particles of polymeric materials, for example, polystyrene, or silicon oxide are applied onto the substrate by various methods. Spherical particles can form one or several layers. The metal electrodeposition onto the substrate is performed through complex-shaped pores between the particles. Among so-called “soft” templates, along with the colloidal crystals, block copolymers are used. Under certain conditions, as a result of self-assembling, the nanoporous ordered structures form in the block copolymers. Depending on the method and conditions of fabrication, pores of different types and sizes can be formed in these templates. The pores in these structures can be filled with metal by several methods including the electrodeposition. The dynamic templates consisting of a layer of gas bubbles, which form at the cathode simultaneously with the metal deposition, are quite original.   The nanowires of various materials, surface shapes and profiles are obtained by dissolving the templates. The nanowires can be applied onto a required substrate and used in various devices, for example, the nanowires of platinum or its alloys and gold are used in the electrocatalysis. The electrodeposition of metals through the pores in a template consisting of one or several layers of polymer nanospheres enables one to obtain the surfaces with prescribed shape of surface profile or metal foams for the formation of substrates for catalyst application.   The analysis of the literature shows that new methods of fabrication of modern nanomaterials using the template electrodeposition are constantly developed in various laboratories, and new areas of effective application of these materials are revealed.   In this work, the authors attempted to present various areas of application of the methods of electrochemistry of metals for fabricating modern materials using the templates.