Rare species of the genus Paeonia L. Under introduction in Bashkortostan
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REUT, A., MIRONOVA, L.. Rare species of the genus Paeonia L. Under introduction in Bashkortostan. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 3, 22-24 mai 2014, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2014, Ediția 3, pp. 107-109. ISBN 978-9975-62-370-4.
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Conservation of plant diversity
Ediția 3, 2014
Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity"
3, Chișinău, Moldova, 22-24 mai 2014

Rare species of the genus Paeonia L. Under introduction in Bashkortostan


Pag. 107-109

Reut A., Mironova L.
 
Federal State Institution of Science Botanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
 
Disponibil în IBN: 20 mai 2019



Teza

Introduction Peonies have appeared on our planet as scientists assume, during the cretaceous period. In A.L.Tahtadzhjana’s opinion (1980) is an ancient deadlock branch of evolution with the extremely imperfect device of reproduction (slow development seedlings, long formation of kidneys of renewal, absence of annual forms). Therefore peonies demand careful studying and protection. Till our time family Paeoniaceae was kept as monotypic with the only genus Paeonia. The majority of peonies have food and decorative value, are good bee plants. But they represent the greatest interest as the herbs including in offi cial medical practice. The growing requirement for raw material cannot be satisfi ed only with resources of natural fl ora. With the purpose of preservation of a gene pool of rare species of a peony and creation of additional sources of medicinal raw material it is carried out introduction studying of their biological features for introduction to culture and creation of artifi cial plantations in a forest-steppe zone of Bashkortostan. Material and methods As objects of researches 4 species of a peony of a collection of Botanical garden - institute of the Ufa center of science of the RAS are used: Paeonia anomala L. - it is included in the Red book of Republic Bashkortostan (2001), it is related to a category 1 - a kind which is taking place under threat of disappearance; P. hybrida Pall. – endemic of Altai, recently found out in territory Republic of Bashkortostan, it is offered for inclusion in the Red book of the Russian Federation; P. tenuifolia L. - it is included in the Red book of the USSR (1984); P. wittmanniana Hartwiss ex Lindl. - endemic of Caucasus, it is included in the Red book of the USSR (1984). Studies were carried out on plots of the collection section peonies laboratory of introduction and selection of fl ower plants Botanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Science. Agricultural activities include weeding, hoeing, watering as needed. Study of decorative and economically useful features carried out in the open ground on the “Methodology state strain testing decorative cultures” (1960). Study of the seasonal rhythm of plants was carried out according to the standard procedure in the botanical gardens of phenological observations (1972). Seed production was calculated by the method of I.V. Vaynagy (1974). Results and discussions On the basis of Botanical garden - institute in 2011-2013 are created queen cell and seed plantations of the given specifi c peonies. Works on them introduction to studying are started. It is shown, that in conditions of culture P. anomala, P. hybrida, P. tenuifolia, P. wittmanniana are characterized by high stability, surpass wild-growing individuals on the majority morphometrical parameters and seed effi ciency. Besides P. anomala and P. tenuifolia are capable to self-moving by seeds. In 2011, the fi rst results were obtained. The fi eld seed germination P. anomala reached - 38%, P. hybrida - 47%, i.e. was suffi ciently high. In spring 2012, in P. anomala rose further 15 - 23% of the seeds, in P. hybrida new shoots were observed. Thus, the period of seed germination depends on the specifi c features of peons.It is revealed positive exogenous infl uence of synthetic regulators of growth (heteroauxin, kresacin, TD-2, TD-5) on intensity of germination of seeds P. anomala (increase of germination in 1.3-1.6 times). Recommendations on use physiological active substance in fi eld conditions are developed. Conclusions The received results will allow solving successfully a problem of preservation of rare and valuable genotypes of a peony in conditions of culture, to expand a raw-material base, to reduce terms of reception of a mass landing material, and also to reveal alternative sources of medicinal raw material.