This article examines the contradictory process of the formation and function of the national interests of Republic of Moldova in the context of democratic transformation. This process is highly informed and influenced by interethnic relations, as well as multiethnic and multicultural factors. In this context, the article explores the main ways in which the ethnic factors influence the national interests: the perfection of legislative base on the settlement of interethnic relations; the state’s support of ethnic and cultural organizations; adoption by the non-native language speaking population of the native ethnic medium; creation of a general national message which would lead to finding common ground amongst different ethnic groups, etc.