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SM ISO690:2012 GĂUCĂ, Constantin, POPA, Lorena-Diana. Genetic variability of the content of the cannabinoid in the improvement process of monoecious hemp (cannabis sativa l.) Var. Monoica. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 3, 22-24 mai 2014, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2014, Ediția 3, pp. 15-16. ISBN 978-9975-62-370-4. |
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Conservation of plant diversity Ediția 3, 2014 |
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Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity" 3, Chișinău, Moldova, 22-24 mai 2014 | |||||
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Pag. 15-16 | |||||
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Introduction Extension of hemp cultivation is possible only by reducing the cannabinoid content under 0.3 % in the European Union and under 0.2% in Romania. Hemp contains over 60 psychoactive products, known as cannabinoid, of which delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as cis- or trans – forms, is the main constituent of hemp, vegetable product which, without being alkaloid, is able to pass through blood-brain barrier with euphoric effect, psihozomimetic or as hypnotic and sedative. Material and methods The reduction process of the THC content in improving and creating monoecious hemp varieties at ARDS Secuieni started by hybridization works, backcrossing (backcross) between the cultivated dioecious varieties and the variety of Mono Fibrimon 24, achieving the fi rst kind of monoecious hemp Secuieni 1 (1984 ) with a THC content of 0,4 - 0,6%. Through repeated selection and multiplication in isolation conditions there were obtained monaural forms with a THC content under 0.1%, which contributed to the development of new varieties permitted in culture both in Romania and foreign market. Results and discussions Obtaining monoecious hemp varieties involves a selection and breeding process, both for maternal genitor (dioecious), and the paternal genitor (monoecious) that has to meet the characters of productivity, stems, fi ber content , seed , resistance to environmental factors, pests and diseases, and also maintaining low (THC) cannabinoid content under 0.2 %. The beginning of the improvement process was conducted by using the female genitors, dioecious varieties with a content of 0,5 - 0,7% , and for the paternal genitor the variety Fibrimon 24 (0.2%). By repeated selection and isolation in space, mono lines 211/95 and S 237/95 were obtained with a content under 0.2 % in the fi rst stage. Finally, SF 200 and ZF 314 lines led to obtaining Dacia Secuieni varieties, for strains and fi ber and Secuieni Jubileu for seed, whose THC content in 2012 was below the detection limit, and in 2013 , at the Secuieni Jubileu there was detected 0.008% THC content. It result an annual genetic progress of 0.046 % between Secuieni 1 variety and the last approved Secuieni Jubileu variety. Conclusions Reducing the cannabinoid content is easier to achieve by transferring genetic capacity of monoecious by reducing time and workload. At ARDS Secuieni, the annual rate of the genetic progress in reducing cannabinoids was of 0.046 %. |