Ecologically clean fuels on the basis of methanol
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2022-10-18 14:16
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EFENDI, Arif, ALIYEVA, A., GADJIYEVA, Sevinge, SHAMILOV, N., MAGERRAMOVA, L., TAGIYEV, D.. Ecologically clean fuels on the basis of methanol. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2017, Ed. 6, 2-3 martie 2017, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republic of Moldova: Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2017, Ediția 6, p. 161.
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Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 6, 2017
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2017"
6, Chișinău, Moldova, 2-3 martie 2017

Ecologically clean fuels on the basis of methanol


Pag. 161-161

Efendi Arif1, Aliyeva A.1, Gadjiyeva Sevinge2, Shamilov N.2, Magerramova L.2, Tagiyev D.1
 
1 Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, ANAS, Baku,
2 Baku State University
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 15 martie 2019


Rezumat

In recent years increasing interest to methanol as an effective means to produce a ecologically clean fuel, available and cheap raw materials for the synthesis of various hydrocarbons and products of their processing. The most accessible and cheap raw material for the obtaining of CH3OH are natural and associated gases, from which by Fischer-Tropta's method it is possible to obtain hydrocarbons of different composition and structure. The formation of gasoline from methanol, developed in the present time flows through the stage of formation of DME, which turns further into the mixture of hydrocarbons consisting more than 50% of the valuable branched paraffins. Such "methanol" fuel in their composition does not contain sulfur and nitrogen compounds and a minor amount of aromatic compounds. Now, methanol increasingly became used as fuel and also as additives to motor fuels (from 3 to 65%). Methanol increases the octane level of fuels and reduces harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the methanol it is possible to obtain alternative pollution-free fuels such as dimethyl ether (DME) and dimethoxymethane (DMM). Dimethylether is used as pollution-free diesel fuel contains no sulphur, and the content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases is 90% less, than at gasoline. DME is also used as fuel for power plants, propellant, freon substitutes. Dimethoxymethane is used as liquid diesel fuel, with a clean exhaust and high cetane number (>80) with high oxygen content (42%). DMM improves the lubricity of diesel fuel, mixed with it at all temperatures, its use reduces the smoke formation during combustion. We have conducted studies on conversion of methanol to DME on zeolite catalysts on the basis of natural clinoptilolite and its modified Cu2+, Co2+ forms. Samples of catalysts pre-treated with solutions of its salts washed, dried, and activated, then loaded in a quartz reactor, which was supplied a mixture of methanol and air. The reaction was performed at T 413–573К. The reaction products were analyzed by chromatography, the yield of DME on natural clinoptilolite made 24.1%, for Cu2+– modified sample is 47.7%, of Co2+ – modified sample is 41.3%. The introduction of relatively small amounts of cations Cu2+, Co2+ led to increase of catalyst activity. Influence of partial pressure of CH3OH on the yield of DME is studied (max output of DME is achieved at a ratio of CH3OH:O2= 3:1). In the presence of Cu2+, Co2+–modified clinoptilolite was also conducted studies on conversion of methanol to DMM in one step. The process is carried out in a quartz reactor in the pulse and flow modes at Т473–573К. Reaction conditions of the process (T, P) and influence of the ratio of alcohol: O2 on the output of products was studied. It was established, on the studied samples of catalysts flow as the processes of dehydration of methanol. The processes of oxidation methanol, as the yield of DME and DMM depend on the concentration of methanol in mixture and temperature process. The maximum yield DMM was observed at the ratio of alcohol: O2=4:1 and corresponds to 37.2%. Studies on the determination of the optimum conditions for increasing the yield of the DMM are conducted. The best catalysts for the obtaining of DME and DMM from CH3OH is Cu2+ modified from of natural clinoptilolite.