The presentation will examine ways of the hydrogen interaction with our society and its route from chemistry to energy and environmental protection. The possibilities and limitations concerning the transition to hydrogen economy in Romania are discussed taking into account the specific aspects from petrochemical and agrochemical industry, activity and dynamics of scientific community and attitude the authorities. The authors have proposed to address the issue of implementation of the hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in Romania, starting from the existing infrastructure, confronted with the need to implement new, sustainable and environmentally friendly on long term technologies. The presentation will contain a series of recommendations for actions to begin the process of transition towards a hydrogen ecologically friendly technology.