Aspects concernig the preparation of suitable catalyst for heavy water detritiation
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2023-04-12 07:47
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IONITA, Gheorghe, MARINOIU, Adriana, WAGNER, Irina, STEFANESCU, Ioan. Aspects concernig the preparation of suitable catalyst for heavy water detritiation. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2017, Ed. 6, 2-3 martie 2017, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republic of Moldova: Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2017, Ediția 6, p. 127.
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Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 6, 2017
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2017"
6, Chișinău, Moldova, 2-3 martie 2017

Aspects concernig the preparation of suitable catalyst for heavy water detritiation


Pag. 127-127

Ionita Gheorghe, Marinoiu Adriana, Wagner Irina, Stefanescu Ioan
 
National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 12 martie 2019


Rezumat

For hydrogen - water isotopic exchange the key issue consists of in preparation, characterization and application of a high efficient catalyst with high hydrophobic properties which to allow to be used in direct contact with liquid and vapor water without of loss of its catalytic activity. In industrial aplications from tritiated water is transferred to the hydrogen gas through the following consecutive reactions: HTO(L) + H2O (V) > HTO(V) + H2O(L) (1) HTO(V) + H2(G) > HT(G) + H2O(V) (2) HTO(L) + H2(G) > HT(G) + H2O(L) (3) It has been reported by many researchers that reaction (1) becomes effective only in presence of hydrophobic catalyst and the process (2) needs an efficient contact element (hydrophilic packing) in order to increase the contact area between water vapor and liquid water. The arrangement consisting of catalyst and hydrophilic packing it’s called “catalytic mixed packing”. The active metal in hydrophobic catalyst it is b platinum metal on hydrophobic support. Two types of hydrophobic catalysts with good physical-chemical properties have been prepared, characterized and tested in LPCE process: - Platinum on carbon and Teflon (Pt/C/ PTFE), - Platinum on styrenedivinilbenzene (Pt/SDC) copolymer, Experimental work has been devoted to improve the characteristics and performances of the catalyst and to manufacture reproducible and homogenous batches of catalysts. The main characteristics (area surface; pore volume and size distribution; metallic area etc.) and performances (catalytic efficiency) for the both types have been measured. Though the both types of catalysts have shown comparable characteristics, the lifetime of Pt/C/ PTFE has been higher due to higher hydrophobicity. The platinum on carbon and polytetrafluorethylene catalyst has been selected to promote tritium removal from heavy water by hydrogen-water isotopic exchange. Due to the new improvements concerning preparation conditions and techniques, a new improved Pt/C/ PTFE catalyst with higher characteristics and higher performance as in Table 1, has been obtained. Also, reproducible and homogenous batches of catalyst have been manufactured. A semi-automated equipment for increasing the manufacture capacity of hydrophobic catalyst has been proposed and now is under testing. No. Crt. Parameter Unit measure Value 1 Real density cm3/g 1.05 2 Bulk density cm3/g 0.49 3 Specific surface m2/g 105-115 4 Mechanical resistance Kgf/pellet 3,5 5 Metallic area m2/g Pt 80-100 6 Platinum particle size Ǻ 10-15 7 Total pore volume cm 3/g 0.789 8 Platinum content % 2% Table 1. Main physic-textural characteristics of improved Pt/C/PTFE catalyst.