Nickel cementation from ammoniacal solution by suspended aluminum particles
Închide
Articolul precedent
Articolul urmator
484 15
Ultima descărcare din IBN:
2024-01-21 13:01
SM ISO690:2012
GRIGORYEVA, Irina, MEZHEVICH, Jeanne, DRESVYANNIKOV, Alexander. Nickel cementation from ammoniacal solution by suspended aluminum particles. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2017, Ed. 6, 2-3 martie 2017, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republic of Moldova: Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2017, Ediția 6, p. 107.
EXPORT metadate:
Google Scholar
Crossref
CERIF

DataCite
Dublin Core
Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 6, 2017
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2017"
6, Chișinău, Moldova, 2-3 martie 2017

Nickel cementation from ammoniacal solution by suspended aluminum particles


Pag. 107-107

Grigoryeva Irina, Mezhevich Jeanne, Dresvyannikov Alexander
 
Kazan National Research Technological University
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 11 martie 2019


Rezumat

At present, utilization of heavy metals from liquid and solid technogenic environments which represent a serious danger to the environment and human is a very urgent task. An important condition for the development of high technologies is to obtain under utilization the products that can be further used in various industries. Nickel is one of the most valuable and, at the same time, the toxic metals; it is contained in waste solutions and rinse waters of galvanic and metallurgical industries. In some cases, the approach that allows to extract nickel from industrial environments in the form of metal is a very effective. Methods that allow to carry out this process are not numerous: electrolysis, reduction by hydrogen, potassium or sodium borohydride, hydrazine. All of these methods have both advantages and disadvantages, including the need for special equipment and high cost. Besides, all of the methods require a pretreatment step in which the concentration of nickel (II) is increased. The reduction process flows with high efficiency (99% and more) only in narrow concentration interval. The present study investigates the cementation of nickel from ammoniacal solution by using aluminum powder in order to increase the cementation rate, as the friction removes passivating layers on the aluminium particles, thus allowing it to be a more powerful reducing agent. It was found that nickel recovery process occurs in a narrow pH range - 11.0-12.0. Its lower limit is limited by the occurrence of an incomplete process that seems to be associated with the appearance of an oxide film on the free aluminum surface and the termination of its dissolution. The upper limit of the interval due resistance of amminocomplexes of nickel (II) in an alkaline medium. It was shown that there is considerable recovery for the first 5 min, after which recovery decreases steadily and improves to 99.9% after 15-20 min. Beyond 30-40 min however the process is attenuated. It should be noted that the highest rate of reduction reaction of nickel (II) is observed during the first two minutes. It was also found that the rate of recovery of nickel (II) significantly affects the amount of aluminum, the amount and condition of the surface, and - the amount of alkali. The degree of separation of nickel reaches 99.9%. The speed and depth of the process are virtually independent of what kind of anions present in the solution: chloride or tetraoksosulphate. The resultant precipitate consists of metallic nickel and aluminum. Their quantitative ratio determined by the initial amount of nickel (II) and aluminum powder in the reaction mixture. Aluminum from the precipitate can be removed by its dissolving in an alkali, thereby obtaining pure α-nickel with a predetermined size of particles. The particle size of the obtained samples can be adjusted by selection of the initial aluminum particles, and assignment time of precipitate alkali etching. Such obtained metal has high catalytic activity, comparable to that of the Raney metals.