According to Government Decision no. 932 of 11.20.2013 [1] groundwater monitoring in the Republic of Moldova are carried out in accordance with scientifically programs consisting inclusive in selection of monitoring indicators. As indices characterizing groundwater it was elaborate technophile of chemical element [2] index of multivariate analysis through correlation of monitored variables [3], the index of water quality (WQI) developed by Horton (1965) [4], a new WQI, proposed by the Brown group [5] which was based more on individual parameters. An index of natural waters pollution (IPA) is used in Moldova for characterizing surface water after a fixed number of parameters (N-NH4, N-NO2, oil products, phenols, dissolved oxygen and BOD5) [6]. Index chlorine-alkaline (CAI) that is based on ion exchange Na+ and K+ in water with Mg2+ and Ca2+ between groundwater and the environment mineralogical/soil in the contact or migration time of water underground, was proposed by Schoeller H., 1977 [7]. Because chloro-alkaline index (CAI) has not been evaluated for groundwater in Moldova, in this study it was used to estimate springs water quality in the Dniester river basin and natural hydrological monuments (NHM). Based on the scientific study [8] it was found that only in water of 2 NHM (7%) CAI-1 is positive that take place ion exchange Na+ and K+ with Mg2+ and Ca2+ in water (s. Nişcani, rayon Calarasi) and in water of 29 NHM (93%) the index is negative, the argument being their protection level as natural areas protected by the state [9]. By systematizing obtained chloro-alkaline index conform of researches it was established that the share of usual natural springs that have positive water CAI-1 is higher in comparison with natural hydrological monuments: 23 (47%) springs in Rezina rayon, 7 sources (47%) in Ialoveni, by 2 springs in Anenii Noi (20%) and Soldanesti (15%), by one spring in Orhei (11%) and Criuleni (5%) rayon. In Telenesti, Straseni, Causeni and Stefan Voda rayons are not CAI-1 positive indices for studied water sources.