In this article there is studied the problem of forming spelling competence, establishing that from the various methods that encourage strong spelling competences at pupils of the IVth grade, dictations have a particular value. This research has helped us to determine that for the students of the IVth grade it is difficult to understand spelling and apply the spelling rules in the process of writing dictations, even they can easily define the rule. This can be explained by the fact that the students of this age have a low level of grammatical knowledge. The improvement of forming spelling competence at pupils of the IVth grade can be achieved if teachers will know the theoretical and methodological aspects of the assimilation of the spelling rules and will successfully apply the most effective methods, having in consideration the concrete situation of each class and the suitablity for their age.