Economic substance of land potential in agriculture is demonstrated, a method of determining potential level of land productivity in production of different crop types based on the example of Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia is presented. An alternative of calculating the coefficient of using land productivity potential in the industry is suggested and, on this basis, the amount of crop yield reserve is determined. The graphs vividly present the amounts of factual and potentially possible gross output of grains of wheat, corn and sunflower for the enterprises of the autonomous territorial unit.