The article reveals the economic essence and gives a classification of Moldovan economic entities expenditure in detail the features of their accounting reflection in accordance with the National Accounting Standard «Expenses» and common chart of accounts. Introduced and proved important suggestions for further improvement in the context of the transition to International Financial Reporting Standards. These conclusions and recommendations will contribute to the optimization of the national accounting system and enhance its role in information support business analysis and management, development of competition and the market economy of the Republic of Moldova.