The article provides an analysis of long-term data on yield assessment and quality indicators of cereals and groat crops for ecological plasticity and adaptability in the Orel region. The yields of groat crops varied the most over the years, while the more stable yields were recorded in spring cereals and winter rye. Among the varieties of groat crops, it is necessary to identify varieties with higher yields: buckwheat Dikul (2.1 t / ha) and millet Quartet (3.5 t / ha) in combination with environmental plasticity (Bi > 1). In oat and buckwheat varieties, a negative correlation between the protein content and the yield of groats was noted (r = -0.694 and r = 0.685), which is the basis for intensifying the selection work to improve the quality of groats of these crops and the creation of naked oats, that have no negative relationship of these indicators.