This study presents the frequency and anatomical description of pathologies and abnormalities identified on the skeletal sample of 18th–19th centuries found at the „Adormirea Maicii Domnului” Roman Catholic Cathedral from Iasi (Romania). The sample (13 skeletons belonging to mature males) was excavated in 2017–2018 by archaeologists from the Centre for European History and Civilisation of Iași. Paleopathology analyses the origins of diseases, their spreading, dynamics, evolution and progress for long periods of time, as well as the way people adapted to changes in their environment. Pathological aspects are induced by the interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors. Bone abnormalities are changes in the normal anatomy induced by disruptions of the chemical or metabolic functions under the influence of exogenous, genetic or teratogenic factors. Bone anomalies can appear before or after birth and they range from less serious forms to major and sometimes lethal ones. Most frequently encountered in the human skeleton are bone fusion, ossification and underdevelopment anomalies and agenesis, all of these identified in numerous prehistoric and historic osteological samples around the world. In the mentioned skeletal sample, at cranial level, dental caries and dental enamel hypoplasia recorded equal incidence – 15.38%, followed by the metopic suture, wormian bones, hypodontia, hyperdontia and supragingival dental calculus – 7.69% (with equal incidence). In the postcranial segment, osteoarthritis is the most frequent – 38.46%, followed by the spina bifida occulta, fractures, extra facets on the tibiotalar joint and supratrochlear foramen of the humerus with equal incidence – 7.69%.