This article is dedicated to one of the most fundamental issues of the modern state and society – the national interest. It examines the static and dynamic aspects of this interest in the context of transition, i.e. its structural aspects, on the one hand and the functional, evolutionary aspects, on the other. The article focuses in detail on the static and dynamic characteristics of the universal parameters of the national interest – sovereignty, independence, state’s national security, its territorial integrity, welfare of its citizens. An important measure of these parameters is their country specifics – in our case, static and dynamic specifics of the national interest in the Republic of Moldova. The author discusses a number of specifics of the national interest of Moldova, which speak to the correlation between its static and dynamic characteristics in the course of the past 10-15 years. Firstly, it is the instability of structure of the national interest manifested in the incompatibility of its goal, technological and normative factors. Secondly, the structure of the national interest exhibits essential contradictions between its subjective and objective elements, which reflect the lack of uniformity of this interest. Thirdly, there are discrepancies between the basic factors of the national interest, such as territorial, economic, social, demographic, and so on. Fourthly, the actors of the national interest – state and civil society – do not always work in partnership, which influences its dynamics. Fifthly, the lack of stability of the national interest in Moldova is characterized by the contradictions between the internal and foreign policy of the state.