Tge legal protection of forests in the Republic of Moldova. The forest represents the most important treasure of the Earth Planet, and the unique ecosystem that ensures the efficient protection of the biodiversity. It is the main factor in maintenance of ecological, climatic and hydric balance; the ecosystem has a regeneration capacity of 3-5 times higher than other natural system. The most effective protective functions of forests are: climatic, anti-pollution, hydrological, anti-erosion, sanitation, soil-protection functions, and to maintain the ecological balance and to combat drought as well. The all-important functions of forest in biodiversity amelioration and diminishing the impact on the environment are presented in different international Conventions, European Directives and national legislation.