Methodological issues on the concept of population quality. The concept of ,,population quality,, is characterised by a set of demographic indicators, classified into four categories: economical, social, ecological and cultural. The most eloquent social measure is the life expectancy at birth. It’s level in Republic of Moldova placed the country near the state with middle level of economic development. The GDP registers low level compared with others countries, but being in growth during the last period of time. The literacy rate registered numbers as the development economic state registered. The most important indicators of the population quality show that the quality level in our country is low, but improving during the last years.