The health system of the Republic of Moldova is ordered with equity and solidarity in financing health care, being based on the principles of universal access to the main health services, state, and for citizens, through mandatory health insurance (MHI). The Moldovan experience has helped to adapt the health care system to the new realities that emerged after independence as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The current challenges are to ensure equity in funding, further expand coverage with MHI, ensure fairer access to pharmaceuticals, without undermining the financial sustainability of the health system, the lack of human resources in the system that has a effective-negative impact on all links health system.