The current material begins with historical and theoretical considerations of the functionality of the principle of separation of power in the Republic of Moldova. It aims at analysing the functional capacity of the government in the Republic of Moldova, as well as the evolution of the central public authorities. The paper also touches upon the retrospective of return of governing mechanisms in the Republic of Moldova to the path of full democracy. The theoretical-scientific and practical-applicative research carried out within the nominated project contains conclusions and recommendations, including legislative proposals lege - ferenda. These proposals aim at improving the state’s legislative system, protecting citizens’ rights and freedoms, making central and local government more efficient, promoting integration processes and improvement of law enforcement. The paper reflects the approaches of academics regarding the different stages of development and practical manifestation of mechanisms of governance in the Republic of Moldova through the separation of powers. We hope that various aspects of the problem discussed in the scientific study will become a matter.