Human rights for better live: environmental transnational rights, legislation and control. About the experience of sociological research of pupils and students
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KRAVCIUK, Natalia. Human rights for better live: environmental transnational rights, legislation and control. About the experience of sociological research of pupils and students. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2022, Ed. 7, 3-4 martie 2022, Chișinău. Chisinau: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2022, Ediția 7, Vol.1, pp. 197-199. ISBN 978-9975-159-07-4.. 10.19261/eec.2022.v1
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Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 7, Vol.1, 2022
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2022"
7, Chișinău, Moldova, 3-4 martie 2022

Human rights for better live: environmental transnational rights, legislation and control. About the experience of sociological research of pupils and students

CZU: 349.6:37.033

Pag. 197-199

Kravciuk Natalia
 
PA RC "Gutta-Club"
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 18 martie 2022


Rezumat

In the universities and highschools of the Republic of Moldova, a theoretical and practical concept of teaching environmenal transnational rights is missing. Such a concept would explain in a more accesible and clear way how does the environmental transnational legislation function, taking into consideration especially the specific problems Moldova faces in this certain area. An exception to this situation, are the University courses of the Law Department, where the students are being exposed to a theoretical introduction into the topic, but a practical approach of how do these rights function both in Moldova and abroad is also lacking. Thus, it becomes obvious, that the lack of knowledge and practice in theoretical and practical aspects of the green ones, for teenagers between 17-22 is an actual problem that arose in the educational system. This problem serves as a basis for development of a bigger problem, which consists in the following: these teenagers that are lacking this knowledge of the green rights, have the tendency to pass their knowledge to a younger generation, in this way creating a bigger knowledge gap of environmental rights in the Republic of Moldova. The educational system of the Republic of Moldova is a 12-year program, full of mostly formal subjects, where the learners get mostly theoretical knowledge, and less practical one. The school day is full, it last 6-7 hours a day. Therefore, a practical way to solve this existing problem, would be creating an inclusive extracurricular program, dedicated to both theoretical and practical aspects of realization of environmental transnational human rights both in the Republic of Moldova and abroad. Target group of this educational program would be learners of graduating classes of high school and universities aged 16-25 (the age, including higher school pupils and students of Universities). The goal of this educational program is offering constant and full knowledge and skills in the area of environmental transnational rights. Acquiring these knowledge and skills would help reduce the gap in the area of low environmental law literacy and help improve civic engagement of the country‘s youth. Based on the results of the initial preparation of the educational program, quantitative and qualitative studies were also carried out among the target group, in the form of: 1. An open questionnaire survey aimed at identifying common, problems and difficulties related to human rights, which representatives of the target group are aware of even at the most superficial level of perception. 2. Formation of a target focus group aimed at the most detailed, consistent formulation of specific problems related to the perception of human rights by representatives of the target group. Diagram # 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the proportion of the target group that took part in the preliminary research The main conclusions based on the results of the research carried out among the target audience. Schoolchildren note that they are familiar with the concept of ―human rights‖ in general thanks to the discipline ―foundations of civic education‖, but this knowledge is purely theoretical and extremely superficial. Quote 1: ―I know that a person has the right to life, work, rest, education, medical care, and freedom of thought. But I think there are still many things that I need to know.‖ At the same time, real practical experience in the field of knowledge of their own rights, as well as their defense, is present, as a rule, among students, but in this case, such experience was obtained outside educational institutions, as a rule, at specialized trainings, seminars or volunteer activities. Quote 2: ―I was a volunteer in a People Traffic organization. Within the framework of this project, we were told about the rights and obligations in employment for work abroad.‖ Quote 3: ―He took part in dozens of actions and protests in the protection of the environment and environmental human rights (against the construction of dams on the Dniester, against the use of plastic, etc.). I think the society should be civilly active and savvy in matters of its rights.‖ Most of the respondents, even without experience in the field of protection and assertion of civil rights, note that his rights are violated very often – in particular, the right to express his own opinion. Quote 4: ―They always say, when you grow up, then you will understand‖, as well as the rights to your own, personal space and respect for the individual. Quote 5: ―In my life I have often come across this. They did not give the right to vote, and very often there was a violation of personal boundaries.‖ It is especially important to note that almost all respondents faced the violation of the right to personal freedom, the right to expression, and respect for the individual. Thus, representatives of the group‘s goals under study note that the knowledge gained in educational institutions in the field of rights and freedoms is categorically insufficient for them. Life experience at this age stage is also scanty. And the existing examples of violation of rights and complete impunity do not inspire at all, but, on the contrary, incline to a passive, nihilistic position and subsequent socio-political escapism, which does not benefit the development of the Republic of Moldova as a state. Consequently, the creation of a separate educational program aimed at enlightening practical aspects and implementation of human rights is undoubtedly necessary for representatives of the designated target audience. Thus, representatives of the group‘s goals under study note that the knowledge gained in educational institutions in the field of rights and freedoms is categorically insufficient for them. Life experience at this age stage is also scanty.And the existing examples of violation of rights and complete impunity do not inspire at all, but, on the contrary, incline to a passive, nihilistic position and subsequent socio-political escapism, which does not benefit the development of the Republic of Moldova as a state. Within the framework of the project of such an educational program, on the basis of research of the target audience, the following thematic blocks are planned:  Experience of national and international youth public organizations in the implementation of legal projects and initiatives (motivation);  The right to a healthy environment and UN climate negotiations as a tool for public participation in significant decision-making. In the process of implementing the program, it is planned to use such methods of interaction and training of the target audience as presentation, discussion, individual work, work in small groups, brainstorming, reflection, role play, energizer. The organizational form of the educational program is out-of-school (non-university) training, which includes a variety of modern teaching methods. The specific, practical results for the target audience of such an educational program, to the maximum extent of its implementation, will be (depending on the intensity and volume of real practice, the number of realized results may vary to a lesser or greater extent):  obtaining a general volume of theoretical knowledge and the whole range of political and civil rights that exist in Moldova today;  obtaining and mastering practical tools to protect their civil rights;  study of international binding documents regulating environmental rights, such as the Aarhus Convention and examples of its successful application;  gaining skills to actually conduct annual climate negotiations;  gaining skills to adapt to climate change in everyday life;  development of a general level of emotional empathy, the ability to empathize with residents of countries that are especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Final conclusions. The educational program, through the gradual and sequential provision of knowledge and skills development, will narrow the gap in the area of low legal literacy among young people. The foundations will be laid for the formation of the basic civic competence – the ability of a person to be an active member of civil society, to participate in its creation and functioning. Knowledge of fundamental rights and freedoms will allow training participants in real life to competently use knowledge of the laws, to defend their point of view reasonably, to analyze the current circumstances in accordance with the existing legislation of the Republic of Moldova and international standards of environmental rights and their regulation in general.