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Știința mediului înconjurător (916) |
Ecologie generală şi biodiversitate (779) |
SM ISO690:2012 BESHKENADZE, Iamze, KLARJEISHVILI, Nazibrola, GOGALADZE, Maia, CHIKAIDZE, Marina, GOGUA, Lia. The role of chelates in ecological stability of the environment. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2022, Ed. 7, 3-4 martie 2022, Chișinău. Chisinau: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2022, Ediția 7, Vol.1, p. 37. ISBN 978-9975-159-07-4.. 10.19261/eec.2022.v1 |
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Ecological and environmental chemistry Ediția 7, Vol.1, 2022 |
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Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2022" 7, Chișinău, Moldova, 3-4 martie 2022 | |
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CZU: 504.056:574 | |
Pag. 37-37 | |
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Rezumat | |
To date, production of ecologically clean agricultural products with high quantitative and qualitative indices is one of the most topical problems. One of the crucial roles in solution of this problem is played by essential microelements. They may be applied to agricultural crops in the form of fertilizers, while agricultural poultry and animal premixes will get them in non-chelate and chelate form. Microelements in non-chelate form are distinguished by high toxicity, low rate of digestibility and efficiency. On the contrary chelate forms of microelements have low toxicity, high rate of digestibility and, respectively, increased degree of efficiency when used in small doses that in its turn predetermines ecological safety of microelements‘ use in this form. It should be noted that in 2003 in European countries there was adopted the legislative act on maximum allowable doses of microelements in poultry and animal manure. As for the problem, as we already mentioned before, it can be solved through use of the mentioned microelements in chelate form only. This fact is evidenced by the results of studies conducted for years by both foreign scientists and by us. In particular, in the agrarian chemistry laboratory of Tbilisi State University there were established synthesis conditions and were synthesized essential microelements containing chelate compounds with general formula: M(Lig)n·mH20, where M = Mn; Fe; Zn; Co; Cu; Cr. Lig = methionin; glutamine acid; cystine; arginine, n = 1’3; m = 0’6. Fertilizers and premixes are prepared on the basis of synthesized chelates. Chelate fertilizers are tested in field conditions on different agricultural crops, while premixes are tried on poultry and rabbits. Effect of chelate microelements on earthworm protein mass and multiplication rate are studied in vermiculture, as well [1-3]. On the basis of studied carried out on agricultural crops (wheat, vegetables, kidney bean, corn, citruses) under field conditions it was established that chelate fertilizers‘ application provided: increase of quantitative and qualitative productivity indices and digestibility of microelements (N, P, K); improvement of physiological state and metabolic processes taking place in plants, prolongation effect of fertilizer, soil enrichment and structure improvement, enhancement of stability against unfavorable environmental factors (drought and cold), pests and different diseases. Chelate premixes use provided maximal reduction of broilers, egg-laying poultry and rabbits mortality, live weight gain, meat quality improvement, keeping of physiological and biochemical indices within permissible rates, avoidance of different infectious diseases, feed consumption decrease at the expense of increased efficiency of its digestibility, rise of nutritive value and qualitative parameters of the feed; gain in egg shell strength among egg-laying poultry, increase of egg laying and quality. Thus, it is established on the basis of carried out researches that the application of chelate form of microelements provides avoidance of its excessive accumulation in the environment and respectively the stability of ecological state of the environment. |
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