The paper deals have revealed significant differences among elite athletes rowing at the maximum level of aerobic capacity and the ratio of anaerobic and aerobic processes in the total energy supply of simulating the conditions for the passage race distance of 500 m and 1000 m in rowing. In the structure of functional capabilities of elite rowers, specializing in the range of 1000 meters, the greatest contribution is observed in aerobic power factor, efficiency, sustainability and ability to implement the aerobic capacity of the body. The greatest efficiency of the functional response was observed during the passage of the middle portion of a competitive race and at the finish. For elite athletes, leaders who specialized in competitive distance of 500 m, characterized by a higher contribution to the structure of the functional readiness factor anaerobic power and speed of deployment of functional responses. They are characterized by more effectively tackle the starting area distance.